Career guidance · South Africa · Zimbabwe · anywhere
Plan your career with confidence
See where the jobs are, which skills are in demand and which study route fits you — then use the free tools to take the next step.
The job market in South Africa
Sources: www.sanews.gov.za · www.gov.za
Skills in demand
The Department of Higher Education's 2024 National List of Occupations in High Demand has 350 occupations. Examples:
- ICT
- ICT systems analyst, data scientist, software developer, web developer
- Trades
- Electrician, plumber, welder, diesel mechanic, fitter and turner, millwright, solar installer
- Business and finance
- Accountant, tax professional, internal auditor, compliance officer, management consultant
- Skills development
- Skills development practitioner, training and development professional, occupational instructor, assessment practitioner
- Technicians
- Electrical and mechanical engineering technicians, energy efficiency technician, draughtsperson
- Managers
- Health and safety manager, project manager, logistics manager, sustainability manager
Some occupations on the list are marked because many unemployed people are already registered for them — check before you choose.
Sources: www.gov.za
Routes into work
- University degree. 3–4+ years. Best for professions that require a degree (engineering, medicine, law, accounting, teaching). Needs a Bachelor's pass (SA) or 5 O-levels plus 2 A-levels (Zimbabwe).
- TVET college. South Africa has 50 public TVET colleges. NC(V) runs at NQF Levels 2–4, and colleges also offer occupational programmes such as Electrician, Welder, Chef and Bookkeeper. An NC(V) Level 4 can also open the door to higher education.
- Learnership. Structured learning linked to a recognised occupational qualification, combining study with work experience at an employer. Learnerships are provided through the SETAs.
- Apprenticeship and trade test. Become an artisan — electrician, welder, diesel mechanic, fitter and turner, plumber and more. After your training you pass a trade test and receive a QCTO Trade Certificate.
- QCTO skills programme or occupational qualification. Occupationally directed learning — theory, practical and workplace experience — through an accredited provider. Occupational qualifications lead to QCTO certification after external assessment; skills programmes are shorter and focused on a job — ask the provider what certificate you will receive.
- Short course. A quick, non-credit course for a specific skill (software, first aid awareness, customer service). You get the provider's own certificate, with no NQF credits.
NSFAS (South Africa): for 2026, NSFAS funded South African citizens at public universities and TVET colleges with a household income of up to R350 000 a year (R600 000 for people with a disability), or who receive a SASSA grant. Applications for 2027 close on 18 November 2026 — check nsfas.org.za for the 2027 criteria.
Before you pay for training, check the provider: the QCTO publishes databases of accredited skills development providers at qcto.org.za. The QCTO warns that employers are reluctant to hire people whose qualifications are not accredited.
Sources: www.sanews.gov.za · www.qcto.org.za · www.dhet.gov.za
The job market in Zimbabwe
Sources: zimstat.co.zw
Skills and the economy
Zimbabwe's 2018 National Critical Skills Audit found high literacy (96%) but low skills levels (38%), with a skills surplus in business and commerce. The Ministry of Higher and Tertiary Education's Education 5.0 adds innovation and industrialisation to teaching, research and community service.
With most people working informally, business skills and practical, certified trades open the most doors — and many people build their own business.
Sources: planipolis.iiep.unesco.org
Routes into work
- University of Zimbabwe: at least 5 O-levels including English Language (grades A, B or C), plus at least 2 A-level passes. ZIMSEC, Cambridge or equivalent are accepted; programmes set their own subject requirements.
- NUST: at least 5 O-levels including Maths and English, plus at least 2 A-level passes. Mature entry for applicants over 25 with 5 O-levels including Maths and English; special entry through a diploma.
- Midlands State University: 5 O-levels including English and Maths at grade C or better for science, business, agriculture and geography programmes, plus relevant A-level passes.
- Harare Institute of Technology: 5 O-levels at grade C or better, including Maths and English.
- Polytechnics and technical colleges offer practical national certificates and diplomas — ask the college about entry requirements.
Sources: www.uz.ac.zw · www.nust.ac.zw · www.msu.ac.zw · www.hit.ac.zw
Careers in a changing world
- Employers expect 39% of workers' core skills to change by 2030. WEF Future of Jobs Report 2025
- 170 million jobs are expected to be created and 92 million displaced worldwide between 2025 and 2030 — a net gain of 78 million. WEF Future of Jobs Report 2025
- One in four workers worldwide is in a job with some exposure to generative AI; transformation of jobs is the most likely impact, not replacement. ILO Working Paper 140 (May 2025)
- Exposure is 34% of jobs in high-income countries and 11% in low-income countries; clerical work is the most exposed. ILO Working Paper 140 (May 2025)
Skills growing fastest by 2030
AI and big data · Networks and cybersecurity · Technological literacy · Creative thinking · Resilience, flexibility and agility · Curiosity and lifelong learning · Leadership and social influence · Analytical thinking
Plan your next step in four moves
- Know yourself: take the personality, work style and career interest tests.
- Check the market: choose work that is growing where you live, and check how AI is changing it.
- Build proof: accredited skills programmes and certificates employers recognise.
- Apply well: a strong CV, a tailored cover letter and interview practice.
Free tools for every step
Figures checked on 30 September 2026. Statistics are updated regularly by Stats SA and ZIMSTAT.
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